The Hon. Mrs Constantine Phipps (1722-1780) being led to greet her Brother, Captain the Hon. Augustus Hervey, later 3rd Earl of Bristol (1724-1779)
Hubert-François Bourguignon known as Hubert Gravelot (Paris 1699 - Paris 1773)
Category
Art / Oil paintings
Date
1750
Materials
Oil on canvas
Measurements
991 x 1245 mm (39 x 49 in)
Place of origin
Paris
Order this imageCollection
Ickworth, Suffolk
NT 851727
Caption
This group portrait was commissioned by Mary, Lady Hervey in Paris in 1750 but was completed in England by other unknown artists after she became impatient with its progress. It shows the future 3rd Earl of Bristol with his mother, Mary, Lady Hervey (seated on the right), his two married sisters, and their husbands, Constantine Phipps, later Lord Mulgrave, and George Fitzgerald, MP. The ship in the background seems to be the 3rd Earl’s last command, the Dragon.
Summary
Oil painting on canvas, The Hon. Mrs Constantine Phipps (1722-1780) being led to greet her Brother, Captain the Hon. Augustus Hervey, later 3rd Earl of Bristol (1724-1779) by Hubert-François Bourguignon known as Hubert Gravelot (Paris 1699 - Paris 1773) with Jean-Etienne Liotard (Geneva 1702 – Geneva 1789), and possibly Francis Hayman (Devon 1708 - London 1776), 1750. The six figures are: Augustus John Hervey, later 3rd Earl of Bristol (1724-1779), Mary ('Molly') Lepel, Lady Hervey (1706-1768), Constantine Phipps, 1st Lord Mulgrave (1722-1775), The Hon. Lepel Hervey, Mrs Phipps (later Lady Mulgrave) (1722-1780), Lady Mary Hervey, Lady Mary Fitzgerald (1726-1815) and her husband George Fitzgerald, MP. A painting with brilliant colours commissioned in Paris in October 1750 where the six full-length figures were and completed in England. The artist Gravelot painted the bodies of the group and bizarrely the artist Liotard painted their heads. In the end though Liotard completed only the heads of the Phipps, and Gravelot painted the heads of the Fitzgeralds and Lady Hervey. However Lady Hervey was dissatisfied with the result and subsequently had her own head and that of her son painted back in England. The group appear before the pillars of a portico with a view of the sea beyond, a small boat is immediately beyond the portico, a large ship, possibly the seventy-four-gun Princesa, a Spanish prize taken in 1740 and Hervey's first post ship (or last command, the Dragon), further out and another on the horizon. Lady Hervey’s dress is pink with a black shawl; Lord Hervey is in blue with gold braid, in the undress uniform of a naval captain; Mr George Fitzgerald wears a murrey-brown coat and blue waistcoat; Mrs Phipps wears a pink and white dress; Mrs Fitzgerald is in green and Constantine Phipps wears blue.
Provenance
Commissioned by Mary, Lady Hervey in Paris in 1750, but completed in England; thence by descent. First recorded in the handwritten list of c.1837 by Frederick William Hervey, 1st Marquess of Bristol (1769-1859), of pictures, and the rooms at Ickworth in which they were hung: “Breakfast Room: Family Group by Zophany”; then by descent to the 4th Marquess of Bristol (1863-1951), and accepted by HM Treasury in lieu of death duties in 1956 together with Ickworth and most of its contents. Loaned to the National Trust in 1956 under the auspices of the National Land Fund, later the National Heritage Memorial Fund, and then transferred to the National Trust in 1983. Left unfinished in Paris and then brought back to England and thence by descent; always in possession of the family until transferred to the Treasury in 1956 following the death of the 4th Marquess of Bristol. Transferred to the National Trust in 1983.
Makers and roles
Hubert-François Bourguignon known as Hubert Gravelot (Paris 1699 - Paris 1773), artist previously catalogued as attributed to Jean-Etienne Liotard (Geneva 1702 – Geneva 1789), artist attributed to Francis Hayman, RA (Exeter 1708 – London 1776), artist
Exhibition history
Hogarth and Europe, Tate Britain, London, 2021 - 2022 The Treasure Houses of Britain, National Gallery of Art, Washington, USA, 1985 - 1986, no.165
References
Farrer 1908 Edmund Farrer, Portraits in Suffolk Houses (West), 1908, pp.221-222 Manners & Williamson 1920 Lady Victoria Manners & G.C. Williamson, Zoffany, 1920, pp. 151-2, 183-4, repd. opp.p.152. Williamson 1931 G.C. Williamson, English Conversation Pieces, London, 1931, pl. XLV. Staring 1932 A. Staring, "Un Tableau de Conversation par Gravelot." Gazette des Beaux-Arts 6, 1932, pp. 155-160 Edwards 1961 Ralph Edwards, "A problem conversation piece at Ickworth." Apollo, July 1961, pp. 8-10 Collins Baker and James, 1933: C. H. Collins Baker and Montague R. James, British Painting, London 1933, p. 106 Sitwell 1936 Sacheverell Sitwell, Conversation Pieces, A Survey of English Domestic Portraits and their Painters, London, 1936, p.38 & pl.41 Insley and Myrone 2021: Alice Insley and Martin Myrone, Hogarth and Europe (exh. cat.), Tate Britain, 3 November 2021 - 20 March 2022, pp.14-16, reproduced