Show me:
and
Clear all filters

  • 35 items
  • 25 items Explore
  • 89 items
  • 1 items
  • 3,438 items Explore
  • 97 items Explore
  • 280 items
  • 4 items
  • 220 items
  • 13,229 items Explore
  • 209 items Explore
  • 1,225 items Explore
  • 8,732 items Explore
  • 5,089 items Explore
  • 9 items Explore
  • 165 items Explore
  • 13,005 items Explore
  • 13,621 items Explore
  • 4,810 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 5 items
  • 149 items Explore
  • 2,007 items Explore
  • 4,759 items Explore
  • 15 items Explore
  • 422 items Explore
  • 252 items
  • 100 items Explore
  • 19,971 items Explore
  • 34 items Explore
  • 1,924 items Explore
  • 1,083 items Explore
  • 5 items
  • 2,072 items Explore
  • 2 items
  • 456 items Explore
  • 917 items Explore
  • 1 items Explore
  • 5 items
  • 7 items
  • 20,263 items Explore
  • 800 items Explore
  • 19 items
  • 73 items Explore
  • 33 items
  • 793 items
  • 20 items
  • 4 items
  • 26 items
  • 61 items
  • 28 items
  • 319 items Explore
  • 6 items
  • 44 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 2 items
  • 2 items
  • 7 items
  • 121 items Explore
  • 119 items
  • 1 items
  • 976 items Explore
  • 812 items
  • 95 items
  • 27 items
  • 107 items
  • 37,280 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 3,871 items Explore
  • 1,530 items Explore
  • 403 items
  • 125 items Explore
  • 10,413 items Explore
  • 9,684 items Explore
  • 4 items
  • 1 items
  • 38 items
  • 3 items
  • 4 items
  • 6,778 items Explore
  • 7,359 items Explore
  • 4,583 items Explore
  • 1,893 items Explore
  • 1,194 items Explore
  • 22,724 items Explore
  • 3,663 items Explore
  • 17 items
  • 5 items
  • 334 items
  • 1 items
  • 1 items
  • 3,350 items Explore
  • 23 items Explore
  • 352 items Explore
  • 796 items Explore
  • 1,093 items Explore
  • 514 items Explore
  • 1,146 items Explore
  • 89 items
  • 125 items Explore
  • 6,955 items Explore
  • 76 items
  • 310 items
  • 4 items
  • 2 items
  • 63 items
  • 2 items
  • 2,909 items Explore
  • 1,582 items Explore
  • 203 items
  • 90 items
  • 22,137 items Explore
  • 1,322 items Explore
  • 138 items
  • 847 items Explore
  • 32 items
  • 1 items
  • 132 items Explore
  • 40 items
  • 20 items
  • 281 items
  • 313 items
  • 685 items Explore
  • 346 items Explore
  • 2,429 items
  • 2,545 items
  • 3 items
  • 1 items
  • 1 items
  • 4,394 items Explore
  • 40,347 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 3,293 items Explore
  • 275 items Explore
  • 8,702 items Explore
  • 31 items
  • 25 items
  • 304 items Explore
  • 777 items Explore
  • 3 items
  • 65 items
  • 161 items
  • 50 items
  • 52 items
  • 23,234 items Explore
  • 917 items
  • 66 items
  • 22,636 items Explore
  • 2 items
  • 2,337 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 1,028 items Explore
  • 4 items
  • 759 items
  • 499 items
  • 4 items
  • 3,309 items Explore
  • 179 items
  • 59 items
  • 454 items Explore
  • 3 items
  • 21 items
  • 90 items Explore
  • 76 items
  • 281 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 6 items
  • 128 items
  • 295 items
  • 447 items
  • 284 items
  • 1 items
  • 906 items Explore
  • 271 items Explore
  • 11,294 items Explore
  • 755 items Explore
  • 6,035 items Explore
  • 2 items
  • 8,298 items Explore
  • 27 items
  • 1 items
  • 5,970 items Explore
  • 4 items
  • 3,725 items Explore
  • 9,182 items Explore
  • 7,884 items Explore
  • 185 items
  • 19 items
  • 144 items
  • 7 items
  • 853 items Explore
  • 19 items
  • 8 items
  • 1,096 items Explore
  • 269 items
  • 1 items
  • 2,056 items
  • 3,522 items Explore
  • 695 items Explore
  • 18 items
  • 134 items
  • 6,743 items Explore
  • 93 items
  • 18,934 items Explore
  • 3,136 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 1 items
  • 7 items
  • 10,982 items Explore
  • 37 items
  • 2 items
  • 21,540 items Explore
  • 38 items
  • 13,281 items Explore
  • 3,461 items Explore
  • 5,688 items Explore
  • 33 items
  • 49,871 items Explore
  • 646 items Explore
  • 417 items
  • 26,703 items Explore
  • 216 items
  • 3 items
  • 6 items
  • 1 items
  • 35 items
  • 27 items
  • 438 items Explore
  • 636 items
  • 204 items Explore
  • 13 items
  • 13,667 items Explore
  • 1,360 items Explore
  • 3 items
  • 10,260 items
  • 9 items
  • 10 items
  • 14 items
  • 25 items
  • 1 items
  • 4,523 items Explore
  • 912 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 1 items
  • 314 items
  • 566 items Explore
  • 42 items
  • 4 items
  • 2,286 items Explore
  • 1,662 items Explore
  • 15 items
  • 1,876 items Explore
  • 150 items
  • 81 items
  • 766 items Explore
  • 3,084 items Explore
  • 44 items
  • 17 items
  • 12 items
  • 10,670 items Explore
  • 23,415 items Explore
  • 3 items
  • 1 items
  • 41 items
  • 1,374 items
  • 179 items Explore
  • 8 items
  • 84 items
  • 1 items
  • 13,570 items Explore
  • 3,582 items Explore
  • 2,904 items Explore
  • 4,798 items Explore
  • 22 items
  • 42 items
  • 6,910 items Explore
  • 4,841 items Explore
  • 256 items Explore
  • 2,300 items Explore
  • 2,975 items Explore
  • 2 items
  • 1,897 items Explore
  • 193 items
  • 223 items Explore
  • 466 items Explore
  • 6,118 items Explore
  • 8,729 items Explore
  • 1,860 items Explore
  • 3 items
  • 1 items
  • 5,935 items Explore
  • 3,354 items Explore
  • 11,133 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 84 items
  • 11 items
  • 2,503 items Explore
  • 7 items
  • 24 items
  • 51 items
  • 6 items
  • 1 items
  • 4,257 items Explore
  • 611 items Explore
  • 70 items
  • 17 items
  • 154 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 95 items Explore
  • 460 items
  • 4 items
  • 996 items Explore
  • 3,553 items Explore
  • 4 items
  • 5 items
  • 9,494 items Explore
  • 48 items Explore
  • 3 items
  • 7 items
  • 42 items
  • 3 items
  • 13,789 items Explore
  • 1,162 items Explore
  • 92 items
  • 10,561 items Explore
  • 1,920 items
  • 18 items
  • 7,856 items Explore
  • 21 items
  • 12,950 items Explore
  • 1,418 items Explore
  • 8 items
  • 6,169 items Explore
  • 14,874 items Explore
  • 4 items
  • 1,667 items Explore
  • 181 items Explore
  • 4 items
  • 15 items
  • 5,686 items Explore
  • 12,284 items Explore
  • 48 items
  • 25 items
  • 2 items
  • 3 items
  • 7,215 items Explore
  • 357 items Explore
  • 13 items
  • 4 items
  • 6 items
  • 103 items Explore
  • 7 items
  • 5 items
  • 485 items
  • 666 items Explore
  • 8,372 items Explore
  • 75 items
  • 7,347 items Explore
  • 5 items
  • 26 items
  • 4,606 items Explore
  • 428 items
  • 339 items Explore
  • 12,703 items Explore
  • 55 items
  • 20 items
  • 7 items
  • 4 items
  • 325 items Explore
  • 427 items
  • 458 items
  • 3,704 items Explore
  • 27 items
  • 1,238 items Explore
  • 2,503 items Explore
  • 733 items Explore
  • 36 items
  • 1,136 items Explore
  • 97 items Explore
  • 24 items
  • 228 items Explore
  • 79,972 items Explore
  • 3,135 items Explore
  • 2,875 items Explore
  • 25 items
  • 5,345 items Explore
  • 1,831 items Explore
  • 4 items
  • 17,514 items Explore
  • 4,930 items Explore
  • 1 items
  • 7 items
  • 631 items Explore
  • 85 items
  • 31 items
  • 1 items
  • 76 items
  • 29 items
  • 86 items
  • 3 items
  • 1,176 items Explore
  • 109 items
  • 805 items
  • 12,447 items Explore
  • 27 items
  • 13 items
  • 1,710 items Explore
  • 214 items
  • 17,037 items Explore
  • 85 items
  • 17 items
  • 1 items
  • 8 items
  • 324 items
  • 2 items
  • 626 items Explore
  • 1,597 items Explore
  • 8 items
  • 1,130 items Explore
  • 375 items
  • 2 items
  • 326 items

Select a time period

Or choose a specific year

Clear all filters

Four dishes with lobed ends and shell handles, and four covers

Frederick Kandler

Category

Silver

Date

circa 1751 - 1769

Materials

Silver

Measurements

4.4 x 42.2 x 25.4 cm (dishes); 18.4 x 30.2 x 19.2 cm (covers)

Place of origin

London

Order this image

Collection

Ickworth, Suffolk

NT 852110

Summary

Four dishes with lobed ends and shell handles, silver, probably by Frederick Kandler, London, circa 1751, and four conforming dish covers, sterling silver, Frederick Kandler, London, 1768/9. The dishes are raised and have oval wells with broad rims, straight sides and indented, lobed ends. The cast gadroon borders with palm leaves are applied as are the cast and chased shell handles which cover the indents. The covers are raised and have stepped bases conforming to the dishes. The bases terminate in a chased band of gadrooning and the covers rise as oval convex domes to another chased gadroon band, then rise again in reverse form to an applied flat top plate, the joint concealed by a cast and seamed moulding. The cast and chased tendril handles are capped by single flowers and held on by silver bolts and nuts. Heraldry: The rim of each dish is engraved with the quartered shield, supporters and motto of the 2nd Earl of Bristol in an ermine mantling and beneath an earl’s coronet. On the front of the covers are engraved the quartered arms of the Hanoverian monarchs (pre-1801) within the Garter and beneath an imperial crown flanked by the initials G R. Hallmarks: Dishes - There are no marks contemporary with the pieces as they now are. Nos. 1 and 2 have redundant hallmarks on the underside of their rims: leopard’s head, lion passant, date letter ‘F’ for 1721 and maker’s mark ‘P∙C’ beneath a shell and above a mullet (Arthur Grimwade, London Goldsmiths 1697-1837, 1990, no. 2143a) for Paul Crespin. Nos. 3 and 4 are marked on the underside of the rim with the redundant date letter ‘e’ for 1740, leopard’s head, lion passant and maker’s mark ‘PC’ in italics (Grimwade 1990, no. 2149) for Paul Crespin (1739 registration). Covers - All are marked on the external face of the rim of the covers with maker’s mark ‘FK’ in italics beneath a fleur-de-lis (Grimwade 1990, no. 692), lion passant, leopard’s head and date letter ‘N’. Scratchweights: Dishes - ‘N1 [/] 38=14’ and [old] ‘Nº 2 = 33 = 11 [crossed through][/] 33″’; ‘N2 [/] 39=9’ and [old] ‘Nº 1 = 34 = 4 [crossed through][/] 33″ 17’; ‘N3 [/] 40=7’ and [old] ‘34=10’; ‘N 4 [/] 41=3’ and [old] ‘35=14’. Covers - ‘Nº 1 = 33 6’; ‘No 2 = 32=12’; ‘Nº 3 = 33=5’; ‘No- 4 - 33=7’

Full description

DISHES With the exception of the shell handles, which are accounted for in the additional five ounces of the altered scratchweights, these dishes survive exactly as they would have been when inherited from John, Lord Hervey on his death in 1743. The 2nd Earl of Bristol’s pragmatic and prudent approach to the transformation of his old plate is once again demonstrated, the addition of the shells proving highly effective and at considerably less expense than making anew. These pieces were thus rendered suitable to take their place alongside the other dishes of the dinner service, for use in the same manner as those of smaller size (see NT 852115). The dishes do, however, have greater complexity in their early history than is at first apparent, with those marked for 1721 clearly having been reshaped to some extent, the maker’s mark on one being distorted. This work probably took place in 1740 when the other two were made and is likely to have been mostly restricted to the addition of gadrooning which by that time would have been more de rigueur. Curiously the later dishes, one of which has been scientifically analysed, have bodies of Britannia standard, so they too must have been transformed from earlier pieces yet presumably to such an extent that Crespin felt obliged to have them hallmarked. He took quite a risk as it turns out, for the borders contain nearly ten per cent copper and are thus considerably below sterling, which the dishes are marked for.[1] The shape of the dishes, before the addition of the shell handles, is one of those illustrated in the 1736 edition of Vincent La Chapelle’s The modern cook.[2] COVERS Given that only eight of the twenty covers supplied in 1758 (see NT 852121 & 852115) survive, these four could be replacements for some of them, perhaps necessitated by damage or wear and tear. If that was the case it would explain the royal arms, but they could equally well have been engraved merely to match the existing covers. The covers would have been in place at the start of the meal and have been removed when the tureens were taken away to be replaced with the next set of principal dishes. In the painting of the coronation banquet of Joseph II as King of the Romans in Frankfurt in 1764,[3] all the subsidiary tables are shown with their dishes still covered whereas at the high table the Imperial couple have commenced their meal and two attendants are removing the covers and passing them to footmen. As dishes did not rest on the table in the same fashion for service à la russe the need for covers waned during the nineteenth century and many must have been turned in to be melted, making them rare today. They did still come into their own at breakfast, however, and one can be seen in use at Ickworth alongside dishes by Paul Storr in a photograph of c.1870. Silver dish-covers were never commonplace in the aristocratic household anyway and many families had some or all of them in silvered brass or copper, or even as mere pewter. William Strode, for instance, acquired a ‘Brass Dish Cover Silver’d’ from Wickes and Netherton in 1753 for £2 including engraving (the same thing in silver, assuming a weight of 30 oz., would have cost at least £12) and the vastly wealthy Sir Jacob Downing, 4th Bt, when equipping himself with a dinner service in 1750, had seventeen pewter covers with his twenty silver dishes.[4] James Rothwell, Decorative Arts Curator February 2021 [Adapted from James Rothwell, Silver for Entertaining: The Ickworth Collection, London 2017, cat. 38 & 88, pp. 119 & 177.] Notes: [1] Analysis carried out March–April 2015 at the London Assay Office by XRF and Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The border of dish no. 3 contains 0.219% gold, 0.048% bismuth, 0.143% lead, 9.919% copper, 0.004% tin and 0.003% antimony. [2] James Lomax, British Silver at Temple Newsam and Lotherton Hall, 1992, p. 94, ill. [3] Studio of Martin II Mytens, Schloss Schönbrunn, Austria. [4] National Art Library, Garrard Ledgers, VAM 5 1750–4, f. 110 and VAM 3 1747-50, f. 57.

Provenance

George Hervey, 2nd Earl of Bristol (1721-75); by descent to the 4th Marquess of Bristol (1863-1951); accepted by the Treasury in lieu of death duties in 1956 and transferred to the National Trust.

Credit line

Ickworth, the Bristol Collection (National Trust)

Makers and roles

Frederick Kandler, goldsmith

View more details