Flintlock musket
Category
Arms and armour
Date
1670 - circa 1680
Materials
iron, wood, paint
Measurements
1420 mm (Length)
Order this imageCollection
Chirk Castle, Wrexham
NT 1170503.1
Summary
Gun. Flintlock musket. One of a collection of thirrty eight English flintlock muskets, circa 1670.
Full description
The thirty-eight muskets at Chirk are of great importance and as so few have survived, they are an almost unique record of English military muskets from the mid-17th century. The muskets are all flintlocks, with a mechanism of a type that was only produced in England and not used after about 1680. They are the largest known surviving group of their kind. The majority of the muskets date to the period 1660 – 1680, although two muskets are from an earlier period, one from the 1620s, the other from the 1640s, the time of the English Civil War. The Castle account books record that Richard Myddelton purchased the muskets in about 1679 from London, in order to decorate the Cromwell Hall, as a celebration of his family's involvement in the Civil War. The records show that the muskets were not in pristine condition and required considerable repair, with some needing new stocks and other components to be replaced. This, together with their relatively low purchase price, confirms that the muskets were old or obsolete when they were bought. Certainly by 1685, a newer form of flintlock, which was cheaper and easier to produce, was soon replacing all other forms of the mechanism in England, including those for military firearms. Two muskets, dating from the 1660s, are exceptionally large and are considered to be "wall or rampart guns". They appear to be among the earliest surviving English guns of this type. Military flintlock musket, English, c1670. Iron barrel, formed in 3 stages, octagonal at the breech, becoming 16 sided, then round to the muzzle, each stage separated by turned mouldings. Stamped at the breech with London Gunmakers Company proof marks and a makers mark. The barrel tang incised with lines and some decorative filing. Retained to the stock by 3 barrel pins. Iron ramrod. Barrel length: 107.1cm Calibre: 20mm Wooden full stock, with a curved butt, the right side stamped with the ownership initials RM, and carved behind the barrel tang to represent a “corn-husk”. Iron furniture comprising; quarter-size butt plate, muzzle band and trigger guard (only the forward finial present). The trigger missing. English Lock (Type 2) flintlock with a flat, bevelled edge lockplate with a stepped tail. Flat, broad cock with a reinforced ring neck, the rear of the cock with a V-shaped cut for the dog-catch. The frizzen spring with a long decorative finial. Retained to the stock by 3 sidenails (rear screw missing). Overall length:141.5cm Brian Godwin, “The Chirk Castle Firelocks”, Canadian Arms Collecting Journal, Bloomfield, Canada, Vol.36, No.3, 1998. Brian Godwin, John Cooper & Michael Spencer, “The English Flintlock: Its Origins and Development”, 20th Park Lane Arms Fair catalogue, London 2003. Brian Godwin, “The Chirk Castle Firelocks – A Revisit”, Journal of the Arms & Armour Society, London, Vol.XVIII, No.6, September 2006. Brian Godwin, “English Firearms from the late 1500s to the English Civil Wars”, Royal Armouries Journal, Vol.10, No.1, Spring 2013, pp.51–70.
Provenance
Amongst the chattels that, in 1978, were acquired along with Chirk Castle from Lt-Col Ririd Myddelton (1902–1988) by the National Land Fund and handed, on loan for 99 years, to the Secretary of State for Wales. In 1981 Chirk was transferred into the ownership of the National Trust.
Marks and inscriptions
RM (branded)