Chair
probably Carlo Randoni (1755-1831)
Category
Furniture
Date
circa 1820 - 1827
Materials
Pine, walnut, paint, gilding and silk
Measurements
91 x 51.5 x 51 cm
Place of origin
Genoa
Order this imageCollection
Attingham Park, Shropshire
NT 608166.1.4
Summary
A chair, of painted, carved and gilded pine and walnut, probably designed by Carlo Randoni (1755-1831) for Palazzo Tursi, Genoa, circa 1820-7. One of five chairs which are part of a set of twenty pieces of gilded, carved and painted pine and walnut seat furniture, also incorporating two sofas (NT 608166.4 and NT 608166.5), two open armchairs (NT 608166.2.1 & 2.2) and eleven stools (NT 608166.3.1-.3.11). Covered in a variety of different silks. Having a toprail decorated with alternating stylised foliate motifs, part-gilded, above an upholstered and padded back panel between rear uprights topped by gilded and carved leafy capitals. The seat in rails with reserves of rosettes between bundles of bound leaves. Raised to the front on a pair of turned and tapering legs with leafy capitals and flutes below, and to the rear on tapering rectangular-section legs with gilded hoof feet.
Full description
This chair is part of a set of twenty pieces of seat furniture which, in turn, is one of four sets of chairs, armchairs and stools of this type at Attingham (see also NT 608150, 608157 & 608168). The four sets are all in the Italian neoclassical style and are distinguishable only by the use of different motifs to decorate the toprails, seat rails and legs, and by their coverings, which are various and not consistent within sets. The recent matching by National Trust furniture curators of one of the sofas in this set (NT 608166.4) with a design by Carlo Randoni strengthens the attribution to him of the design for this chair and the other white-painted and part-gilded Italian furniture at Attingham. In addition, many of the open armchairs, chairs and stools are signed or marked by the carvers and gilders who are known to have worked for Randoni during his refurbishment of Palazzo Tursi in Genoa in the 1820s. Palazzo Tursi, the residence of King Vittorio Emanuele I (1759-1824) and Queen Maria Teresa (1773-1832), was converted into a royal palace in 1819-21 and was modified again in 1824-27. An inventory of May 1822 listed ten sofas, twelve armchairs, 136 stools, eighteen 'x'-frame stools and thirty-eight chairs amongst the contents of the Palazzo. Maria Teresa (by then the Queen Dowager following Vittorio Emanuele's death in 1824) died in 1832 and, although no evidence of a sale, or a dispersal auction, has been found, it is believed that William Noel-Hill, 3rd Baron Berwick (1773-1842), acquired this furniture when returning home to England via Genoa in 1833. Throughout his time in Italy as a diplomat, William Noel-Hill had lived in close proximity to the Sardinian court, initially in exile at Cagliari (1808-14) and then Turin (1814-24), and after his diplomatic move to Naples (1824-33) he retained a house in Genoa. In 1842, when an inventory was taken at Attingham after his death, the bulk of the furniture was in storage in the Old Dining Room, but was subsequently used to furnish the house. Most of it remains in situ, and it is said to form probably 'the largest collection of its kind in the British Isles'. The pieces of furniture in the same set as this chair are covered in six different types of silk. This chair is covered in pale blue silk, probably 20th century, and to the reverse with 19th century emerald green striped silk. Two armchairs decorated with the same rosettes and bound leaves are in the Palazzina dei Mulini, Portaferraio, Napoleon’s residence in exile on the Island of Elba and now a museum. In 1923, Edith Teresa Hulton, Lady Berwick (1890-1972) was painted wearing a Mariano Fortuny cloak (NT 608972) in one of the set's armchairs by Gerald Kelly (1879-1972).
Provenance
3rd Lord Berwick collection: William Noel-Hill, 3rd Baron Berwick (1773-1842). Acquired by the 3rd Lord Berwick, who had been in Italy as British envoy and ambassador to the Kingdom of Naples and the Two Sicilies. By descent bequeathed to the National Trust with the estate, house and contents of Attingham by Thomas Henry Noel-Hill, 8th Baron Berwick (1877-1947) on 15th May 1953.
Marks and inscriptions
Rear seat rail: Ghio [and] Tapiesiere E.C Front seat rail: L [or 2?] Underside of front seat rail: Z Front seat frame rail: No. 2
Makers and roles
probably Carlo Randoni (1755-1831), designer
References
Rowell & Burchard 2020: Christopher Rowell & Wolf Burchard, 'Italian Furniture at Attingham Park', Furniture History LVI (2020), 107-176, 123, 125-6, 145-7, 152-3, 173 fn. 179, 182-4 Figures 22-3, 41 & 43 Drury, 1984: Martin Drury. “Italian furniture in National Trust houses.” Furniture History, vol. XX, 1984., 38-44 Cornaglia 2012: Paoli Cornaglia, Giuseppe Battista Piacenza e Carlo Randoni: I Reali Palazzi fra Torino e Genova (1773-1831), Turin (2012), pp. 196-7 and fig. 5.31