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Claude-Adrien Helvétius (1715–1771)

after Louis Michel van Loo (Toulon 1707 - Paris 1771)

Category

Art / Oil paintings

Date

1759

Materials

Oil on canvas

Measurements

699 x 464 mm (27 ½ x 18 ¼ in)

Order this image

Collection

Ickworth, Suffolk

NT 851927

Caption

Claude-Adrien Helvétius was a Paris-born philosopher of Swiss origin. He began his career as a fermier-général (tax farmer) and chamberlain to the Queen, but in 1751 withdrew to the château de Voré (which he had bought in 1749 from the son of Louis XIV’s celebrated physician, Fagon), to devote himself to philosophy, philanthropy, and work for the Encyclopédie. His most celebrated work, De l’Esprit (1758), was censured by the Pope and burned by order of the Parlement de Paris. He visited England in 1764. There is a letter from Mary Lepel, Lady Hervey, dated 21st November 1758, in which she proposes to acquire copies of L’Esprit, “now forbid in Paris”. Thanks to this admiration, she obtained the present portrait. This is a copy of the head-and-shoulders studio version, or autograph replica, derived from one of a pair of whole-length portraits in interiors of Helvétius and his wife exhibited by Louis-Michel Vanloo in the 1755 Salon.

Summary

Oil painting on canvas, Claude-Adrien Helvétius (1715–1771), after Louis-Michel van Loo (Toulon 1707 - Paris 1771), 1759. A painted oval head-and-shoulders portrait of a man against a dark background, in a painted oval simulated stone surround. He has shortish grey hair. He wears a green coat over a white embroidered stock, and a waistcoat with gold braid just visible. Unsigned. Claude-Adrien Helvétius (1715–1771), a Paris-born philosophe of – as his name would suggest – Swiss origin, was a philosopher; member of the family of physicians of that name. He began his career as a fermier-général (tax farmer) and chamberlain to the Queen, but in 1751 withdrew to the château de Voré (which he had bought in 1749 from the son of Louis XIV’s celebrated physician, Fagon), to devote himself to philosophy, philanthropy, and work for the Encyclopédie. His most celebrated work, De l’Esprit (1758), was censured by the Pope and burned by order of the Parlement de Paris. He visited England in 1764. His posthumously published De l’homme had a great influence on Jeremy Bentham and the British Utilitarians.

Provenance

Painted at the request of Molly Lepel, Lady Hervey, via Mme Geoffrin in 1759; thence by descent to 4th Marquess of Bristol (1863-1951), after whose death accepted with house and contents in lieu of HM Treasury and transferred to the National Trust in 1956

Credit line

Ickworth, The Bristol Collection (acquired through the National Land Fund and transferred to The National Trust in 1956)

Makers and roles

after Louis Michel van Loo (Toulon 1707 - Paris 1771) , artist manner of Jean-Baptiste van Loo (Aix-en-Provence 1684 - Aix-en-Provence 1745) , artist previously catalogued as after François Hubert Drouais (Paris 1727 - Paris 1775), artist

References

Farrer 1908 Edmund Farrer, Portraits in Suffolk Houses (West), 1908, no. 42

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